Pre-1960, O’Dell likely drew from resources he used when writing his history ofĬalifornia. Īrcheological studies post-1960 have generated a richer body of materials. O’Dell wrote Island of the Blue Dolphins. Resources on the people of San Nicolas Island were scant at that time that Skillfully matched as to seem one continuous sheen of changeful luster” (p. Plumage of the green cormorant, the feathers pointing downward, and so Mission fathers “sent her feather robes to Rome. She was buried in a walled cemetery and the Near death, Nidiver’s wife asked Father Sanchez to baptize her. She got weaker and weaker and when she was Modest that some believed she was not an Indian, but “a person of distinctionĬast away by shipwreck” (p. They learned some of her words: “A hide she called to-co ( to- kay) a man, nache (nah-chey) the sky, te- gua (tay-gwah) the body, pinche (pin-oo-chey)” (p. Nidiver was unable to findĪnyone amongst the Indians in the Missions who could understand her language. Rescue, and at last, resignation at being alone. She also communicated her dread of being alone, her years of hope for She told Nidiver’s wife that dogs had eaten her baby and how she grieved its Santa Barbara, people flocked to Nidiver’s home to see her. Given his care to include mistreatment of California Indians in theġ800s, it is curious that O’Dell does not reference any of the Terminations in Country of the Sun. Rancherias (California Mission Indians) in California were terminated (Nies,ġ996). The Termination period (1953-1962), over one hundred bands, communities, and Including the California Rancheria Termination Act (Public Law 85-671). (Wilkinson and Biggs, 1977) that led to several public laws enacted by Congress, The tribes through a policy outlined in House Concurrent Resolution 108 The tribes, led Congress to terminate its nation-to-nation relationship with Desire for land, coupled with the rampantĬorruption within the Bureau of Indian Affairs that had federal oversight for Wanted to nullify the treaties, thereby discontinuing federal funding to tribesĪnd making available lands held by tribes. Provided health care, housing, and education. The treaties, lands were ceded to the United States in return for federally Recognition of that nationhood isĮvident in the treaties European heads of state made with their counterpartsĪmongst the 500+ sovereign Indigenous nations (Deloria and DeMallie, 1999). Of their arrival on the continent now called North America, EuropeansĮncountered well-ordered nations or tribes of Indigenous peoples, each with its
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